Purpose

This exercise helps delegates to understand the importance of several key principles, such as “Parkinson’s Law” as well as managing their performance in the face of change or increasingly challenging environments. It is also useful for teamwork, decision making, leadership and creativity. You can use this exercise to teach “Parkinson’s Law” in a time management course.

Objective

Solve puzzles as a team in different environments and compare results.

What You Need

• A puzzle that can be solved in a short time. This must be a physical puzzle that requires handling items or parts. An ideal puzzle is a jigsaw puzzle. Choose the size based on the capability of your delegates and the available time. You need two puzzles of a similar nature for each group. For example, use two jigsaw puzzles with a different image and provide one set to each group.
• Gloves for each delegate. These gloves should make handling objects more difficult. You can use leather or wool gloves but not medical or thin plastic gloves.
• A timer that you can use secretly.
• A counter that can be configured to show an increasing number (see below for instruction on how to set it). For example, you can use a timer app and project it on the screen or use a Mobile App counter on a tablet computer or a phone for everyone to see.

Setup

• Divide the delegates to groups of 3 or 4.
• Distribute one set of puzzle to each group.
• Explain that there are a couple of rounds in this exercise. In the first round you want them to solve a puzzle that they have been given.
• State “On my mark start, ok, go...”
• Provide no more information. Do not set a time limit or state that there is one. Teams are free to solve the puzzle however they want, whether as a team, by choosing leaders or in any way they like.
• Ask the teams to state when they have finished and secretly record their time. It is important that they don’t feel they are timed.
• When everyone has finished ask them to state how they felt about the puzzle.
• For round two, explain the following scenario:
  • “Recently there has been an outbreak of a dangerous epidemic which is taking lives worldwide. The whole world is involved in finding a cure or prevention as quickly as possible. You are working in a lab which has made a lot of progress. The last hurdle is captured symbolically in this puzzle which if you can solve leads to a cure. Since everything is currently contaminated, you must not touch anything with your bare skin and so you must use the gloves provided at all times while handling the pieces of the puzzle.
• Distribute the gloves and ask all the delegates to wear them.
• Now continue with:
  • “Ladies and gentlemen, people are dying and you are the best chance for humanity to survive...”
• At this point, reveal the counter for everyone to see. This is a counter which keeps increasing and indicates the number of people dead so far (linked directly to WHO’s site in UN). Set it at a large number such as 1,470,329 and program it to increment every second by about 10,000.
• Now state:
  • “The sooner you can solve the puzzle, the more lives you will save. Do not waste any time or more people will die and humanity will be lost…”
• At this point expect everyone to quickly get back to their puzzles and solve them. This time it would be more frustrating because of the gloves and lack of dexterity. Delegates need to perform under pressure due to lack of time.
• Record their times as in round one and as before make sure no one notices that you are timing them.
• Once finished, record all the timings and then get back everyone together.
• Ask them how they felt and get them to compare their two performances.
• Reveal the timings. In most cases, they should have finished solving the puzzle in the second round much faster than the first round, despite being more challenging due to use of gloves. Highlight this result and follow with a discussion.

Timing

Explaining the Exercise: 5 minutes

Activity: 10 min round 1 + 10 min round 2 = 20 minutes

Group Feedback: 10 minutes

Discussion

Did you perform better in the second round? Why is that? Do you think having a limited time helps you to focus and increase your performance? Can you take advantage of this in your everyday life? Did you feel frustrated with the gloves? Did you simply accept the challenge with the gloves as part of the problem? Did you think you would have performed in a similar way if you were not told about the scenario, but were just told to wear the gloves for no particular reason? What does this suggest for managers and informing others on why they need to do certain tasks in certain ways?